What are the principal features of revised IAS 1?

• Principal feature of IAS 1 is to aggregate information in the financial statements on the basis of shared characteristics. With this in view all owner changes in equity are required to be presented in the statement of changes in equity, separately from non-owner changes in equity.
• Disclose reclassification adjustments and income tax relating to each component of other comprehensive income. Reclassification adjustments are the amounts reclassified to profit or loss in the current period that were previously recognised in other comprehensive income.
• Disclose dividends as distributions to owners and related amounts per share to be presented in the statement of changes in equity or in the notes.

 

What is the purpose of financial statements?

Objective of financial statements is to provide information about the financial position, financial performance and cash flows of an entity that is useful to a wide range of users in making economic decisions. Financial statements provide information about an entity’s:

• Assets;
• Liabilities;
• Equity;
• Income and expenses, including gains and losses;
• Contributions by and distributions to owners in their capacity as owners;
• Cash flows.

 

IAS 1 requires presentation of “a complete set of financial statements” comprising of:

·        A statement of financial position as at the end of the period;

·        A Statement of comprehensive income;

·        A statement of changes in equity for the period;

·        A statement of changed in cash flows for the period;

·        Notes, comprising of a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory information;

 

When do financial statements comply with IFRS?

Virtually in all cases an entity achieves a fair presentation by compliance with applicable IFRS’s . A fair presentation requires selection of accounting policies in accordance with IAS 8, apart from general principles “of presenting information in a manner that provides relevant, reliable, comparable and understandable information”. An entity shall not describe financial statements as complying with IFRS unless they comply with all the requirements of IFRS’s.

 

Statement of comprehensive income (SOCI)

 

An entity can present all items of incomes and expenses in either:

• A single comprehensive statement; or
• Two statements – First displaying components of profit or loss, Second beginning with profit / loss and displaying other comprehensive income.

 

As a minimum SOCI shall include line items presenting amounts for the period

• Revenue
• Finance costs
• Share of profit or loss of associates and JV’s using equity method
• Tax expense
• Post tax profit or loss of discontinued operations
• Profit or loss
• Each component of other comprehensive income classified by nature
• Share of comprehensive income of associates and JV’s using equity method
• Disclose separately profit attributable to – non-controlling interests and owners of parent

 

No items of income or expense shall be presented as extraordinary items.

 

The analysis of expenses and revenues shall be presented using classification either based on there nature or function whichever provides more reliable and relevant information.

 

Components of other comprehensive income include:

• Changes in revaluation surplus (IAS 16 and IAS 38);
• Actuarial gains and losses on defined benefit plans (IAS 19);
• Gains and losses arising from translating the financial statements of a  foreign operation (IAS 21);
• Gains and losses on remeasuring available-for-sale financial assets (IAS 39);
• Effective portion of gains and losses on hedging instruments in a cash flow hedge (see IAS 39).

 

 

Statement of changes in equity (SOCIE) shows:

 

• total comprehensive income for the period, showing separately the total amounts attributable to owners of the parent and to non-controlling interests;
• for each component of equity, the effects of retrospective application or retrospective restatement recognised in accordance with IAS 8; and
• for each component of equity, a reconciliation between the carrying amount at the beginning and the end of the period, separately disclosing changes resulting from:

(i) profit or loss;

(ii) each item of other comprehensive income; and

(iii) transactions with owners in their capacity as owners, showing separately contributions by and distributions to owners and changes in ownership interests in subsidiaries that do not result in a loss of control.

 

An entity shall present, either in the statement of changes in equity or in the notes, the amount of dividends recognised as distributions to owners during the period, and the related amount per share.

 

 

Statement of financial position (SOFP)  shall include minimum of line items

 

• property, plant and equipment;
• investment property;
• intangible assets;
• financial assets (excluding amounts shown under (e), (h) and (i));
• investments accounted for using the equity method;
• biological assets;
• inventories;
• trade and other receivables;
• cash and cash equivalents;
• the total of assets classified as held for sale and assets included in disposal groups classified as held for sale in accordance with IFRS 5 Non-current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations;
• trade and other payables;
• provisions;
• financial liabilities (excluding amounts shown under (k) and (l));
• liabilities and assets for current tax, as defined in IAS 12 Income Taxes;
• deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, as defined in IAS 12;
• liabilities included in disposal groups classified as held for sale in accordance with IFRS 5;
• non-controlling interests, presented within equity; and
• issued capital and reserves attributable to owners of the parent.

 

Additional line items shall be presented if relevant to an understanding of the entity’s financial position.

 

Not classify deferred tax assets (liabilities) as current assets (liabilities)

 

Current/non-current distinction

 

Separate classifications current / non-current shall be presented except when presentation based

on liquidity provides reliable and relevant information

 

Entity classifies an asset as Current when:

• it expects to realise the asset, or intends to sell or consume it, in its normal operating cycle;
• it holds the asset primarily for the purpose of trading;
• it expects to realise the asset within twelve months after the reporting period; or
• the asset is cash or a cash equivalent (as defined in IAS 7) unless the asset is restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.

 

Entity shall classify all other assets as non-current.

 

Operating cycle of an entity is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash or cash equivalents.

 

Entity shall classify a liability as current when:

• it expects to settle the liability in its normal operating cycle;
• it holds the liability primarily for the purpose of trading;
• the liability is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period; or
• the entity does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.

 An entity shall classify all other liabilities as non-current.